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community conversations

These creative and powerful strategies bring together a cross-section of community members--from within and beyond the service system--to address issues of importance in the lives of people with disabilities, their families, and their communities.

research studies

  • Schwartzman, B. C., Schutz, M. A., Carter, E. W., & McMillan, E. D. (in press). Virtual community conversations as catalysts for improving transitions for youth with disabilities. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

  • Awsumb, J. M., Schutz, M. A., Carter, E. W., Schwartzman, B., Burgess, L., & Taylor, J. L. (2022). Pursuing paid employment for youth with severe disabilities: Multiple perspectives on pressing challenges. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 47(1), 22-39. https://doi.org/10.1177/15407969221075629

  • Carter, E. W., Schutz, M. A., Gajjar, S., Maves, E., Bumble, J., & McMillan, E. D. (2021). Using community conversations to inform transition education in rural communities. The Journal of Special Education, 55(3), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022466920950331

  • Schutz, M. A., Carter, E. W., Maves, E. A., Gajjar, S. A., & McMillan, E. D. (2021). Examining school-community transition partnerships using community conversations. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 55(2), 131-145. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-211152

  • Bumble, J. L., Carter, E. W., Bethune, L., Day, T., & McMillan, E. (2019). Community conversations on inclusive higher education for students with intellectual disability. Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, 42, 29-42. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165143418781303

  • Bumble, J. L., Carter, E. W., McMillan, E., Manikas, A., & Bethune, L. (2018). Community conversations on integrated employment: Examining individualization, influential factors, and impact. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 28, 229-443. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207317739401

  • Bumble, J. L., Carter, E. W., McMillan, E., & Manikas, A. (2017). Using community conversations to expand employment opportunities for people with disabilities in rural and urban communities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 47, 65-78. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-170883

  • Carter, E. W., Bumble, J. L., Griffin, B., & Curcio, M. P. (2017). Community conversations on faith and disability: Identifying new practices, postures, and partners for congregations. Pastoral Psychology, 66, 575-594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11089-017-0770-4

  • Carter, E. W., Blustein, C. L., Bumble, J. L., Harvey, S., Henderson, L., & McMillan, E. (2016). Engaging communities in identifying local strategies for expanding integrated employment during and after high school. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 121, 398-418. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-121.5  

  • Carter, E. W., Swedeen, B., Cooney, M., Walter, M. J., & Moss, C. K. (2012). “I don’t have to do this by myself?”: Parent-led community conversations to promote inclusion. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 37, 9-23. https://doi.org/10.2511/027494812800903184

  • Trainor, A. A., Carter, E. W., Swedeen, B., & Pickett, K. (2012). Community conversations: An approach for expanding and connecting opportunities for employment for adolescents with disabilities. Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, 35, 49-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885728811419166

  • Carter, E. W., Trainor, A. A., Ditchman, N., & Owens, L. A. (2011). A pilot study connecting youth with emotional and behavioral difficulties to summer work experiences. Career Development for Exceptional Individuals, 34, 95-106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885728810395745

  • Carter, E. W., Trainor, A. A., Ditchman, N., Swedeen, B., & Owens, L. (2009). Evaluation of a multi-component intervention package to increase summer work experiences for transition-age youth with severe disabilities. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 34, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2511/rpsd.34.2.1


other publications

  • Bumble, J. L., & Carter, E. W. (2021). Application of the World Cafe to disability issues: A systematic review. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 32(3), 193-203. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207320949962

  • Bumble, J. L., & Carter, E. W. (2020). Using the World Café to study disability issues: Methodological review and recommendations. International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities, 58, 107-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irrdd.2020.08.001

  • Carter, E. W., & Bumble, J. L. (2018). The promise and possibilities of community conversations: Expanding employment opportunities for people with disabilities. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 28, 195-202. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207317739408

  • Carter, E. W., McMillan, E., Willis, W., & TennesseeWorks Partnership. (2017). The TennesseeWorks Partnership: Elevating employment outcomes for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 47, 365-378. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-170909  

  • Carter, E. W., Blustein, C., L., Rowan, J. L., & Harvey, S. (2014). Changing the conversation: Engaging local communities in new discussions about competitive employment. TASH Connections, 40(1), 8-14.  

  • Harvey, S., & Carter, E. W. (2014). Uncovering new pathways to employment through community conversations. Breaking Ground, 73, 8-10.


practice guides

  • Schutz, M. A., Carter, E. W., Gajjar, S. A., & Maves, E. A. (2021). Strengthening transition partnerships through community conversation events. TEACHING Exceptional Children, 53(5), 359-368. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040059920987877

  • Swedeen, B., Cooney, M., Moss, C., & Carter, E. W. (2011). Launching inclusive efforts through community conversations: A practical guide for families, services providers, and communities. Madison: Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

  • Carter, E. W., Owens, L., Swedeen, B., Trainor, A. A., Thompson, C., Ditchman, N., & Cole, O. (2009). Conversations that matter: Expanding employment opportunities for youth with significant disabilities through community conversations. TEACHING Exceptional Children, 41(6), 38-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/004005990904100603